Để chinh phục band điểm 7.5+ trong kỳ thi IELTS, đặc biệt là ở tiêu chí Lexical Resource (Vốn từ vựng) của bài thi Speaking, việc làm chủ ...
Để chinh phục band điểm 7.5+ trong kỳ thi IELTS, đặc biệt là ở tiêu chí Lexical Resource (Vốn từ vựng) của bài thi Speaking, việc làm chủ Phrasal Verbs (Cụm động từ) là điều bắt buộc. Tuy nhiên, thay vì học vẹt hàng trăm từ không rõ ngữ cảnh, lộ trình "21 Ngày Vượt Lười" dưới đây sẽ giúp bạn học nhóm từ theo động từ gốc (root verbs), kèm theo các ví dụ chuẩn xác mang đậm văn phong IELTS. Mỗi ngày chỉ cần tập trung vào 5-6 cụm từ cốt lõi, áp dụng vào câu thực tế, bạn sẽ thấy vốn từ của mình thay đổi rõ rệt!
Ngày 1: Nhóm GET
get down to (bắt tay vào làm việc nghiêm túc): It is time for the government to get down to solving the issue of air pollution.
get over (vượt qua khó khăn/cú sốc): Many international students take months to get over culture shock.
get across (truyền đạt ý tưởng thành công): A good teacher knows how to get complex concepts across to their students.
get by (xoay xở, sống tạm ổn): With the rising cost of living, many low-income families are struggling to get by.
get along with (hòa hợp với ai): Being able to get along with colleagues is a crucial soft skill in the modern workplace.
Ngày 2: Nhóm TAKE
take up (bắt đầu một thói quen/sở thích mới): To improve my physical health, I decided to take up swimming.
take over (tiếp quản quyền kiểm soát): Artificial intelligence is expected to take over many manual jobs in the future.
take in (hiểu/tiếp thu thông tin): The lecture was so dense that I couldn't take in all the details.
take on (đảm nhận trách nhiệm): Employees who are willing to take on new challenges are highly valued.
take off (trở nên thành công/phổ biến nhanh chóng): The e-commerce industry has really taken off over the past decade.
Ngày 3: Nhóm GO
go through (trải qua giai đoạn khó khăn/kiểm tra kỹ lưỡng): The country is going through a period of economic instability.
go over (rà soát, kiểm tra lại): You should always go over your essay to check for grammatical errors before submitting it.
go into (đi sâu vào chi tiết): Due to time constraints, I won't go into the technical details of the project.
go off (hư, thiu (thức ăn) / nổ (chuông, bom)): Food left out of the fridge will quickly go off in this hot weather.
go along with (đồng tình, ủng hộ): I usually go along with my team's decisions to maintain harmony.
Ngày 4: Nhóm PUT
put off (trì hoãn): Many young couples tend to put off having children until they are financially stable.
put up with (chịu đựng điều bất tiện): Residents in big cities have to put up with heavy traffic congestion daily.
put forward (đề xuất ý tưởng/kế hoạch): Several potential solutions have been put forward to tackle climate change.
put away (cất đi / tiết kiệm tiền): It is highly recommended to put away a portion of your income for emergencies.
put out (dập tắt lửa/thuốc lá): Firefighters worked tirelessly to put out the forest fire.
Ngày 5: Nhóm TURN
turn out (hóa ra là, có kết quả là): Despite the initial difficulties, the event turned out to be a great success.
turn down (từ chối lời mời/cơ hội): She turned down the job offer because the salary was below her expectations.
turn into (biến đổi thành): Education has the power to turn an underprivileged child into a successful professional.
turn up (xuất hiện (thường là bất ngờ)): We waited for an hour, but he never turned up.
turn away (từ chối không cho ai vào): Many refugees were turned away at the border.
Ngày 6: Nhóm COME
come up with (nghĩ ra ý tưởng/giải pháp): Scientists are trying to come up with an alternative to plastic packaging.
come across (tình cờ gặp/tìm thấy): I came across an interesting article about renewable energy while browsing the internet.
come down to (chung quy lại là do): Success in language learning ultimately comes down to persistence and consistent practice.
come about (xảy ra (thường không có dự tính trước)): The dramatic changes in weather patterns have come about due to global warming.
come up (được đề cập đến / xuất hiện): The issue of gender equality frequently comes up in modern social debates.
Ngày 7: Nhóm LOOK
look into (điều tra, xem xét kỹ lưỡng): The government has promised to look into the causes of the recent economic downturn.
look forward to (mong chờ (dùng V-ing)): I am looking forward to hearing your perspectives on this matter.
look back on (nhìn lại quá khứ): When people look back on their childhood, they often feel a sense of nostalgia.
look down on (coi thường): It is unacceptable to look down on individuals who work in manual labor.
look up to (ngưỡng mộ, kính trọng): Many teenagers look up to celebrities as their role models.
Ngày 8: Nhóm GIVE
give up (từ bỏ thói quen/cố gắng): More campaigns are needed to encourage smokers to give up the habit.
give off (tỏa ra mùi, nhiệt, ánh sáng): Factories give off toxic gases that contribute to air pollution.
give away (cho đi miễn phí / tiết lộ bí mật): The company is giving away free samples to promote its new product.
give in (nhượng bộ, chịu thua): Parents should not give in to every demand their children make.
give out (phân phát / cạn kiệt): Information leaflets were given out to raise awareness about the disease.
Ngày 9: Nhóm WORK
work out (tìm ra giải pháp / tập luyện thể dục): International leaders must collaborate to work out a comprehensive strategy.
work around (tìm cách né tránh/khắc phục tạm thời): If we can't get the required funding, we will have to work around the problem.
work on (nỗ lực cải thiện): I need to work on my pronunciation before taking the IELTS Speaking test.
work towards (hướng tới mục tiêu): Both nations are working towards a peaceful resolution.
work up (phát triển/khơi dậy cảm xúc, sự thèm ăn): A long walk in the countryside will help you work up an appetite.
Ngày 10: Nhóm BRING
bring about (gây ra, mang lại sự thay đổi): Technological advancements have brought about significant changes in how we communicate.
bring up (nuôi dưỡng / đề cập vấn đề): The report brings up some critical questions regarding public health.
bring down (làm giảm / hạ bệ): The central bank has implemented policies to bring down inflation rates.
bring out (làm nổi bật / phát hành): Difficult situations often bring out the best in people.
bring in (đưa ra luật lệ / tạo ra thu nhập): The government plans to bring in new laws to restrict junk food advertising.
Ngày 11: Nhóm CALL
call for (đòi hỏi, yêu cầu sự hành động): The worsening environmental crisis calls for immediate global action.
call off (hủy bỏ): The outdoor concert was called off due to the sudden heavy rain.
call on (kêu gọi ai đó làm gì / ghé thăm): The United Nations called on all countries to reduce their carbon emissions.
call out (chỉ trích công khai): It is important to call out discriminatory behavior in the workplace.
call back (gọi lại): I will call you back as soon as the meeting is over.
Ngày 12: Nhóm MAKE (Động từ thay thế cực tốt cho Task 1 & 2)
make up (chiếm tỉ lệ / cấu thành): Female students make up the majority of the university's population.
make up for (bù đắp cho): The beautiful scenery definitely makes up for the lack of modern amenities.
make for (dẫn đến, tạo ra kết quả): Strict regulations make for a safer environment for consumers.
make out (khó khăn lắm mới hiểu/nhìn/nghe thấy): The handwriting was so poor that I could barely make out what was written.
make into (biến đổi thành): The old warehouse has been made into a modern community center.
Ngày 13: Nhóm KEEP
keep up with (theo kịp xu hướng, tốc độ): It is essential for IT professionals to keep up with the latest technological developments.
keep on (tiếp tục làm gì đó): Despite the setbacks, they kept on conducting their research.
keep away (from) (tránh xa khỏi): Children should be taught to keep away from dangerous substances.
keep to (tuân thủ kế hoạch, quy định): To ensure efficiency, we must keep to the original schedule.
keep down (kìm hãm, giữ ở mức thấp): The government is subsidizing agriculture to keep food prices down.
Ngày 14: Nhóm SET
set up (thành lập, thiết lập): Many entrepreneurs struggle when they first set up their own businesses.
set aside (để dành tiền/thời gian): Individuals should set aside a few hours each week for self-improvement.
set off (khởi hành / kích hoạt): We need to set off early tomorrow to avoid the rush hour traffic.
set out (bắt đầu một dự án/mục tiêu rõ ràng): The campaign sets out to educate the public about recycling.
set back (làm chậm tiến độ / cản trở): The lack of funding has set the construction project back by several months.
Ngày 15: Nhóm RUN
run out of (cạn kiệt, dùng hết): The world is in danger of running out of fossil fuels in the coming decades.
run into (tình cờ gặp ai / gặp rắc rối): During the implementation phase, the team ran into several unexpected issues.
run through (xem lướt qua, diễn tập): Let’s run through the presentation one more time before the meeting.
run over (cán qua / kéo dài quá thời gian dự kiến): The lecture ran over by 20 minutes, making everyone late for lunch.
run up (tích lũy nợ, hóa đơn cao): Using credit cards irresponsibly can cause you to run up huge debts.
Ngày 16: Nhóm HOLD
hold back (kìm hãm sự phát triển / giấu cảm xúc): Lack of confidence often holds talented people back from achieving their potential.
hold up (trì hoãn, kẹt lại): Our delivery was held up by extreme weather conditions.
hold on to (giữ chặt, bảo vệ niềm tin/văn hóa): In a globalized world, it is vital for nations to hold on to their cultural heritage.
hold out (cầm cự, duy trì sự chống cự): We hope the supplies will hold out until rescue teams arrive.
hold off (trì hoãn việc làm gì đó): The company decided to hold off launching the new product until next year.
Ngày 17: Nhóm PICK
pick up (học hỏi một cách tự nhiên / nhặt lên / đón ai): Living in a foreign country is the best way to pick up a new language.
pick out (chọn lựa cẩn thận): The committee will pick out the most promising candidates for the scholarship.
pick on (bắt nạt, đối xử bất công): Schools must have strict policies against students who pick on their peers.
pick apart (phân tích lỗi sai, chỉ trích kỹ lưỡng): The critics picked apart the director's latest film.
pick through (lục lọi, tìm kiếm kỹ): Researchers had to pick through massive amounts of data to find the pattern.
Ngày 18: Nhóm BREAK
break down (hỏng hóc / suy sụp / phân tích nhỏ vấn đề): To solve a complex problem, it is best to break it down into manageable parts.
break through (tạo đột phá): Scientists hope to break through current limitations in renewable energy technology.
break out (bùng phát dịch bệnh, chiến tranh): The pandemic broke out unexpectedly, causing global disruptions.
break up (chia tay / giải tán): The police were called to break up the violent protest.
break into (đột nhập / bắt đầu xâm nhập vào một thị trường): It is challenging for small startups to break into the highly competitive tech industry.
Ngày 19: Nhóm CARRY
carry out (thực hiện, tiến hành nghiên cứu/kế hoạch): Medical professionals must carry out extensive tests to ensure the drug's safety.
carry on (tiếp tục): Despite the harsh criticism, the artist carried on with his controversial exhibition.
carry over (chuyển sang, kéo dài sang giai đoạn sau): The unresolved conflicts from the past often carry over into present relationships.
carry through (hoàn thành xuất sắc bất chấp khó khăn): Her sheer determination carried her through the toughest times in her career.
carry forward (phát huy, tiếp nối): It is our responsibility to carry forward the traditions of our ancestors.
Ngày 20: Nhóm CUT
cut down on (cắt giảm khối lượng/mức độ): To improve cardiovascular health, doctors advise patients to cut down on sugar intake.
cut out (loại bỏ hoàn toàn): I have decided to cut out fast food from my diet to lose weight.
cut off (cắt đứt nguồn cung (điện, nước) / cô lập): During the severe storm, the rural village was completely cut off from the outside world.
cut back (cắt giảm chi tiêu/sản xuất): Due to the economic recession, many companies have been forced to cut back their workforce.
cut across (băng qua / ảnh hưởng rộng khắp): The issue of environmental degradation cuts across all national borders.
Ngày 21: Nhóm FALL
fall behind (tụt hậu, chậm tiến độ): Students who miss too many classes are likely to fall behind in their studies.
fall apart (đổ vỡ, rạn nứt (mối quan hệ, cấu trúc)): The old bridge is literally falling apart and needs immediate renovation.
fall through (đổ bể, không diễn ra như kế hoạch): The proposed merger between the two companies fell through at the last minute.
fall back on (phải dựa vào giải pháp dự phòng): It is crucial to have some savings to fall back on in case of sudden unemployment.
fall for (bị lừa / nảy sinh tình cảm): Vulnerable consumers often fall for deceptive marketing strategies.
Bài tập
Nhiệm vụ: Điền một Phrasal Verb phù hợp đã học vào chỗ trống. Chia đúng thì (tense) của động từ nếu cần thiết.
The local council needs to ________ solving the issue of waste management before it gets out of hand. (Bắt tay vào làm nghiêm túc)
Renewable energy sources currently ________ only 15% of the total energy production in this country. (Chiếm tỉ lệ/Cấu thành)
Without sufficient financial support, many small businesses are struggling to ________ during the economic crisis. (Xoay xở, sống qua ngày)
It is essential for traditional businesses to modernize if they do not want to ________ their competitors. (Tụt hậu)
The government has promised to ________ the root causes of urban poverty. (Điều tra, xem xét kỹ)
Many medical researchers are trying to ________ a cure for this rare disease. (Nghĩ ra, tìm ra giải pháp)
Global warming has ________ significant changes in weather patterns worldwide. (Gây ra)
To protect the environment, citizens should ________ the amount of plastic they use daily. (Cắt giảm)
The construction of the new hospital was ________ by several months due to a lack of building materials. (Làm chậm tiến độ, cản trở)
The world is in danger of ________ fresh water if conservation measures are not implemented soon. (Cạn kiệt)
Đáp án
get down to
make up
get by
fall behind
look into
come up with
brought about (Lưu ý: Chia ở thì Hiện tại hoàn thành vì có "has")
cut down on
set back (Lưu ý: Thể bị động "was set back")
running out of (Lưu ý: Sau giới từ "of" cần V-ing)
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